Paediatric orthopaedics
Bone, joint and walking problems in babies and children
Paediatric orthopaedics is the assessment and follow-up of musculoskeletal problems from infancy to the end of adolescence. Because children's bones are still growing, many conditions are assessed differently from adults: some appearances are a normal part of development, while others need follow-up or treatment.
Commonly assessed conditions
- Suspected developmental dysplasia of the hip (congenital hip dislocation)
- Flat feet, in-toeing or out-toeing
- Toe walking
- Leg curvatures such as bow legs and knock knees
- Scoliosis and postural problems
- Fractures and growth plate injuries
How does the examination work?
The doctor listens to the birth and developmental history, whether similar conditions run in the family, and the family's own observations. The child's walking, joint movements, leg lengths and spine are then examined. If needed, imaging is requested; for hip assessment in babies, ultrasound or X-ray is chosen depending on age.
In many cases no treatment is needed; whether the condition improves as the child grows is monitored at set intervals. When treatment is needed, the options vary according to the condition and age. Where physiotherapy is needed, the programme is run alongside orthopaedic follow-up.
If you notice clear asymmetry in your baby's legs or hip creases, or if your child is limping, refusing to walk or has unexplained joint pain or swelling, have them assessed without delay. If these symptoms are accompanied by a fever, see a doctor the same day.